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General Session 4: Marine environment, ecosystem & sustainability |
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Distribution and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments of mangrove swamps in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia
GS4-34
Vahab Vaezzadeh* , Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur
Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria, 2Associate Member, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur
Najat Masood, 3Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Sami Mohsen Magam, 3Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Sadeq Abdullah Abdo Alkhadher, 3Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Bong Chui Wei, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur;Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Presenter Email: vahab.vaezzadeh@um.edu.my
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| The west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, which faces to the Strait of Malacca has experienced fast industrialization and urbanization. Therefore, it is susceptible to both sea-based and land-based petroleum pollution. Understanding of distribution and sources of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is of great significance in this region. Surface sediment samples were collected from nine sampling sites in the Merbok, Perai and Klang mangrove swamps in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and investigated for the concentrations of PAHs. Sediment samples were extracted through soxhlet extraction method and PAHs concentrations were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The concentrations of total PAHs ranged from 231 to 4973 ng.g-1 dw. The highest and lowest concentrations of PAHs were detected in the Klang site 3 and Merbok site 3, respectively. Diagnostic ratios were applied to identify sources of PAHs based on the concentrations of different PAHs in sediments. The ratio of methylphenanthrenes to phenanthrene (MP/P) were <1 in most sampling sites showing pyrogenic sources of PAHs, while >2 in two sampling sites including the Merbok site 3 and Klang site 3 indicating petrogenic inputs. Other diagnostic ratios including low molecular weight to high molecular weight PAHs (LMW/HMW), fluoranthene to fluoranthene+pyrene (Flu/(Flu+Pyr)), benz(a)anthracene to benz(a)anthracene+chrysene (BaA/(BaA+Chry)) and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene to indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene+benzo[ghi]perylene (IcdP/(IcdP+BghiP)) showed predominance of pyrogenic sources of PAHs in sediments. Keywords: PAHs, Sediment, Malaysia, GC-MS, Pyrogenic |
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