科研动态 Research Highlight

高坤山教授课题组在Nature Communications发表论文探讨海洋酸化
Ocean acidification increases the accumulation of toxic phenolic compounds across trophic levels
发布日期:2015-10-28      浏览次数:2416

20151027日,近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室高坤山教授课题组在Nature Communications发表研究论文,表明海洋酸化提高浮游植物苯酚类物质的含量及其食物链效应。

随着人类排放CO2量的增加,海洋吸收越来越多的CO2,导致海洋表层的pH值下降,引起海洋酸化(海水pCO2H+HCO3-增加,而CO32-浓度下降)。这种酸化导致的海水化学变化,影响海洋生物的代谢与生存。然而,海洋生物响应海洋酸化的分子与生理学机制,尚不清楚,虽有不少报道,但争议性强,不确定性大。

高坤山课题组通过研究钙化浮游植物(颗石藻类)在两种CO2浓度条件下(对照组: 395ppmv;酸化组:1000 ppmv)蛋白表达的差异,建立了如下科学假设:酸化促进该藻的 β-氧化、柠檬酸循环、糖酵解等代谢途径(图1)。为了验证该设想,该课题组通过微(30升)和中尺度(4000升)生态系统装置与设施,进一步研究发现,浮游植物群落苯酚类物质含量和呼吸速率(图2a, b),与对照相比,分别增加了46%-212%130-160%。该结果显示,浮游植物,在高CO2/pH条件下调整代谢途径,促进了苯酚类物质的合成,并通过其降解增加了细胞抵御酸性胁迫所需要的能量。

因为苯酚类物质有毒性,其在浮游植物中的累积,可能产生食物链效应。为此,该课题组将微、中尺度生态系统中生长的浮游植物,喂食浮游动物,发现浮游动物体内苯酚类物质含量也明显升高,与对照组相比,增加了28-48%(图2c, d)。

该研究通过多种实验手段的结合,在不同的规模培养体系(实验室内,微尺度与中尺度培养体系)(图3)中开展了一系列研究,阐明了浮游植物响应海洋酸化的内在分子代谢机制及其潜在的食物链效应。随着海洋酸化的进一步恶化,食物链能量的传递,甚至于海产品的质量等,可能会受到影响。

该论文的第一作者金鹏是高坤山实验室的博士生,高坤山为通讯作者。

Abstract:

Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are causing ocean acidification (OA), altering carbonate chemistry with consequences for marine organisms. Here we show that OA increases by 46 to 212% the production of phenolic compounds in phytoplankton grown under the elevated CO2 concentrations projected for the end of this century, compared to the ambient CO2 level. At the same time, mitochondrial respiration rate is enhanced at the elevated CO2 by 130-160% in a single species or mixed phytoplankton assemblage. When fed with phytoplankton cells grown under OA, zooplankton assemblages have significantly higher contents of phenolic compounds, by about 28-48%. The functional consequences of the increased accumulation of toxic phenolic compounds in primary and secondary producers have the potential to have profound consequences for marine ecosystem and seafood quality, with a possibility that fisheries industries could be influenced as a result of progressive ocean changes.

Reference:

Peng Jin, Tifeng Wang, Nana Liu, Sam Dupont, John Beardall, Philip W. Boyd, Ulf Riebesell and Kunshan Gao. Ocean acidification increases the accumulation of toxic phenolic compounds across trophic levels. Nature Communications. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9714.

Link to full text: http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/151027/ncomms9714/full/ncomms9714.html#affil-auth

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