课程信息
课程名称:稳定同位素地球化学(Stable Isotope Geochemistry)
主讲:许德惇
时间:6月17日 – 7月22日, 2005
星期二:19:30-21:30
星期五:10:00-12:00
地点:环科中心(凌峰楼)406教室
课程简介:
“稳定同位素地球化学”为“地球化学”主要分支之一。其目的在研究自然界中各种物质,在不同物化作用和生物活动过程中,所引致的同位素分化现象。同时,也利用此种分化效应所造成各物质其同位素组成的变化,来探讨其所历经的各种可能作用和反应途径。
许德惇(David Der-Duen Sheu)是台湾中山大学海洋地质与化学研究所教授,1977-1983年在Deapartment of Geology,Duke University,Department of Oceanography,Texas A&M University进行学习研究并取得博士学位,长期在美国、台湾等地从事同位素海洋地球化学的科研及教学工作,2000年受聘为厦门大学客座教授。
为了便于课程安排,请要选课的同学于6月10日之前报名。
联系人:鲁中明
电话:2182011
Email:luzm@yanan.xmu.edu.cn
Course outline
I. Introduction:
• Nuclear systematic
• Mass defect & binding energ
• Nuclear stability
• Cosmic abundance
II. Nomenclature:
• d-notation
• Isotopic fractionation
III. Instrumentation & Isotopic Analysis:
• Glass blowing & glass preparation line
• Isotopic ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS)
• Measurement & analytical techniques
• International standards
IV. Isotopic Properties:
• Hydrogen (dD)
• Carbon (d13C)
• Oxygen (d18O)
• Nitrogen (d15N)
• Sulfur (d34S)
V. Example of Isotopic Fractionation:
• Hydrological cycle (H, O)
• Photosynthesis (C, H, O)
• Biological processes (N, S)
VI. d13C in the Oceans
• Depth distribution
• Oceanic uptake of CO2
• Suess effect & preformed carbon
• SEATS carbon study in the South China Sea
VII. d15N in the Oceans
• The rationale
• Marine nitrogen cycle
• Nitrogen fixation & Trichodesmium
• The use of d15N in marine studies
VIII. Paleoclimatology - d18O
• Paleoclimatic records (marine vs. continental)
• Paleo-temperature estimates
• Marine vs. continental Quaternary d18O record
• The cause of Quaternary glaciations
IX. Ice Cores:
• The Greenland ice sheet project 2 (GISP2)
• The Vostock ice core, Antarctica
• The EPICA ice core
X. Snowball Earth:
• Hypothesis (causes & mechanisms)
• The evidences
XI. Paleoclimatology - d13C
• The short-term vs. long-term carbon cylce
• The Quaternary carbon isotope record
• The Quaternary glacial cycles
I. Student projects
• Timing is Everything
• Methane Hydrates & Global Warming
II. Special lectures:
• Global Change & the ocean
• A revisit to the Global Warming Issue